Fresh, Mechanical, and Microstructural Properties Investigation on the Combined Effect of Biomedical Waste Incinerator Ash and Bagasse Ash for High-Strength Concrete

The combination effect of supplementary cementitious materials in the production high-strength concrete is an effective way to reduce amount cement required while contributing environmental sustainability and cost. This study aims assess microstructural investigation on combined biomedical waste incinerator ash (BWIA) bagasse (BA) as a partial replacement production. was partially replaced with BA (0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%) BWIA 7.5%). mix design done per ACI 211-4R-93 standard. Slump, slump flowability, density, compaction factor tests were conducted for freshly mixed concrete. Mechanical properties hardened from four different mixes also determined 7- 28-day cured specimens. all investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) X-ray diffraction (XRD) tests. Based experimental results, compressive strength at every 2.5% 7 days curing slightly decreased, 28 curing, control (51.8 MPa) decreased compared codes' BA5 BA10 codes, 54.8 MPa 52.5 MPa, respectively. SEM micrographs showed that by leads decrease pore proportion enlarged interfacial transition zone (ITZ), reduced CH crystals, denser C–S–H gel specimen. XRD pattern existence portlandite, ettringite, okenite, quartz, calcite aggregate phases. As result, usage has significant impact fresh, hardened, microstructure